Ali Hasan al-Majid (also known as Chemical Ali)

• Presidential Advisor/RCC Member
• Captured 21 August 2003
• Executed 25 January 2010

Ali Hasan al-Majid was a high-ranking official in the Iraqi government under Saddam Hussein, who was his cousin. He held various positions, including Defense Minister and Interior Minister, but he is best known for his role in the Anfal Genocide against the Kurdish people in northern Iraq towards the end of the Iran-Iraq War.

Due to his prominent role in the genocidal campaign, which involved the extensive use of chemical weapons, al-Majid became known as “Chemical Ali”. The Anfal Genocide resulted in the deaths of an estimated 50,000 to 100,000 Kurds, although Kurdish sources have cited higher numbers, possibly up to 180,000.

After the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, al-Majid was captured and brought to trial for crimes against humanity. He was convicted and sentenced to death multiple times for his roles in the Anfal Genocide, the suppression of the 1991 uprisings in Iraq, and other crimes. He was executed by hanging on January 25, 2010.