Al-Hamdaniya District is situated in the Nineveh Governorate of Iraq. It is located southeast of Mosul, the provincial capital. The main town in the district is Bakhdida (also known as Qaraqosh), which serves as the administrative center.
Geography: The district has a varied geography, featuring plains and some hilly regions. The Tigris River runs to the west of Al-Hamdaniya, and the area has a semi-arid climate characterized by hot summers and cool winters.
Population: Al-Hamdaniya is predominantly populated by Assyrian Christians, but it also houses a diverse mix of other ethnic and religious communities such as Arabs, Shabaks, and Kurds. The district was once a hub for the Christian community in Iraq.
Cultural and Economic Significance: The district holds immense cultural and historical significance, particularly for the Assyrian Christian community. It is home to several ancient churches, monasteries, and archaeological sites. The economy of Al-Hamdaniya traditionally relies on agriculture, trade, and some local industries.
Recent Military Conflicts: Al-Hamdaniya District experienced significant conflict and upheaval during the Iraq War and the subsequent ISIS insurgency. In 2014, ISIS militants captured the district, forcing thousands of residents, particularly Christians, to flee their homes. Many historical and religious sites, including churches and monasteries, were damaged or destroyed.
The district was liberated by Iraqi forces, supported by international coalition partners, in late 2016. The liberation allowed displaced residents to gradually return, but the rebuilding process has been challenging due to extensive damage to infrastructure and homes.
Conclusion: Al-Hamdaniya District, a symbol of Iraq’s rich cultural diversity and historical heritage, has undergone significant trials due to military conflicts. The area suffered under ISIS occupation, with the local population facing displacement and destruction of their cultural heritage. Despite these challenges, the liberation of the district has sparked reconstruction efforts and a gradual return of the displaced communities. The resilience of the inhabitants and ongoing support from various stakeholders are essential for restoring Al-Hamdaniya’s vibrancy and multicultural legacy.