Al-Qurna District is located in the southern part of Iraq, within Basra Governorate. It is situated near the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, close to the border with Iran.
Geography: The district is known for its marshlands, which are part of the larger Mesopotamian Marshes, one of the world’s largest wetland ecosystems.
Population: The population of Al-Qurna District primarily consists of Arab Shia Muslims who have traditionally relied on agriculture, fishing, and the unique marshland ecosystem for their livelihoods.
Historical Significance: The district has historical significance due to its location in the ancient region of Mesopotamia, often considered the cradle of civilization. It has a rich history dating back thousands of years.
Cultural and Economic Significance: The marshes of Al-Qurna are of ecological and cultural significance, known for their unique way of life, traditional reed house architecture, and the Marsh Arab culture.
Recent Military Conflicts: During the Iraq War that began in 2003, Al-Qurna District, particularly the marshlands, experienced military conflicts and instability. The marshes were drained and damaged during the regime of Saddam Hussein, and their restoration became a post-war priority.
Efforts were made to drain the marshes for agricultural purposes, displacing many Marsh Arabs. However, in the post-war period, there was a significant international effort to restore the marshes and support the return of the Marsh Arab population.
The marshlands of Al-Qurna have since been partially restored, leading to the resurgence of traditional livelihoods, wildlife, and cultural practices.
Conclusion: Al-Qurna District in southern Iraq, known for its marshlands and cultural significance, has experienced military conflicts and instability, particularly during the Iraq War. Efforts have been made to restore the marshes and support the return of the Marsh Arab population in the post-war period. The district’s unique cultural and ecological heritage continues to be of significance.