4 October 2001 – 9 November 2016

Operation Active Endeavour was a naval operation conducted by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in the Mediterranean Sea. It was launched in response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, with the aim of enhancing security and stability in the region.

The operation began on October 4, 2001, and its primary objective was to monitor and patrol the Mediterranean Sea in order to deter and counter any potential terrorist threats, particularly related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). The operation aimed to prevent the movement of terrorists, weapons, and other illicit materials through the maritime domain.

Under Operation Active Endeavour, NATO deployed naval assets, including warships and maritime patrol aircraft, to conduct surveillance, gather intelligence, and enforce maritime security measures. These measures included monitoring and inspecting vessels, particularly those suspected of carrying WMD-related materials or engaging in illicit activities.

Throughout its duration, Operation Active Endeavour involved the participation of several NATO member countries, who contributed their naval assets and personnel to the operation. The operation played a significant role in enhancing maritime security and cooperation among NATO allies and partner nations.