Zakho District is located in the Duhok Governorate in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Situated in the northwestern part of the country, it is near the borders with Turkey and Syria. The town of Zakho serves as the administrative center of the district and is a major border crossing point.
Geography: The geography of Zakho District is characterized by a mix of mountains and plains. The district is traversed by the Khabur River and features a variety of landscapes, including hills, valleys, and fertile lands, which are conducive to agriculture. The area experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.
Population: Zakho District has a predominantly Kurdish population, but it is also home to a variety of ethnic and religious minorities, including Assyrians, Chaldeans, and Yazidis, contributing to the multicultural character of the area.
Cultural and Economic Significance: Zakho District holds cultural significance with its diverse traditions, festivals, and historical sites. The district’s multicultural heritage is evident in its variety of religious and community celebrations. Economically, Zakho plays a vital role as a commercial hub, with its border proximity facilitating trade and commerce between Iraq and neighboring countries. Agriculture is also a significant contributor to the local economy.
Recent Military Conflicts: During the Iraq War, Zakho District remained relatively stable and secure, much like the rest of the Kurdistan Region. It served as a safe haven for internally displaced people and refugees from other parts of Iraq and neighboring countries, fleeing violence and instability. The district played a crucial role in providing shelter, humanitarian assistance, and security to these populations.
The threat posed by ISIS in later years did not directly impact Zakho, as the district was effectively defended by the Peshmerga forces and remained outside the reach of the extremist group. However, the broader regional instability created by ISIS affected Zakho in terms of hosting displaced populations and managing increased security measures.
Conclusion: Zakho District in the Duhok Governorate is a region of cultural diversity, economic significance, and historical richness. Its strategic location near international borders positions it as a commercial hub, while its varied landscapes support agriculture. Despite facing challenges due to regional instability and conflicts, particularly during the Iraq War and the rise of ISIS, Zakho has maintained relative stability and served as a refuge for displaced people. Continued efforts towards development, security, and cultural preservation are essential for the future prosperity of Zakho District.